Zero/ZeroLevel/Services/MemoryPools/Memory/JetStack.cs

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

/*https://github.com/sidristij/memory-pools*/

namespace MemoryPools.Memory
{
    internal class JetStack<T>
    {
        private ObjectWrapper[] _array;

        private int _size;
        private T _firstItem;

        private const int DefaultCapacity = 4;

        public JetStack()
        {
            _array = new ObjectWrapper[DefaultCapacity];
        }

        // Create a stack with a specific initial capacity.  The initial capacity
        // must be a non-negative number.
        public JetStack(int capacity)
        {
            _array = new ObjectWrapper[capacity];
        }

        public int Count => _size;

        // Removes all Objects from the Stack.
        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public void Clear()
        {
            Array.Clear(_array, 0, _size); // Don't need to doc this but we clear the elements so that the gc can reclaim the references.
            _size = 0;
        }

        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public T Peek() => _array[_size - 1].Element;

        // Pops an item from the top of the stack.  If the stack is empty, Pop
        // throws an InvalidOperationException.
        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public T Pop()
        {
            var item = _firstItem;
            if (_firstItem != null!)
            {
                _firstItem = default!;
                return item;
            }
            return _array[--_size].Element;
        }

        // Pushes an item to the top of the stack.
        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public void Push(T item)
        {
            if (_firstItem == null!)
            {
                _firstItem = item;
                return;
            }
            if (_size >= _array.Length)
            {
                PushWithResize(item);
            }
            else
            {
                _array[_size++].Element = item;
            }
        }

        // Non-inline from Stack.Push to improve its code quality as uncommon path
        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
        private void PushWithResize(T item)
        {
            Array.Resize(ref _array, _array.Length << 1);
            _array[_size].Element = item;
            _size++;
        }

        // PERF: the struct wrapper avoids array-covariance-checks from the runtime when assigning to elements of the array.
        private struct ObjectWrapper
        {
            public T Element;
        }
    }
}